# MiCA: Markets in Crypto-Assets Regulation Source page: https://protegra.io/licensing/laws/eu-mica-2023-1114/ MiCA, Regulation (EU) 2023/1114, is the EU law that licenses crypto-asset service providers and regulates issuers of asset-referenced and e-money tokens. A CASP authorised in one member state can passport its services across the EU/EEA; capital requirements are EUR 50,000 to EUR 150,000 depending on the services, and the regulation has applied in full since 30 December 2024. ## At a glance | Official title | Regulation (EU) 2023/1114 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 31 May 2023 on markets in crypto-assets, and amending Regulations (EU) No 1093/2010 and (EU) No 1095/2010 and Directives 2013/36/EU and (EU) 2019/1937 [1] | | --- | --- | | English title | Markets in Crypto-Assets Regulation | | Citation | Regulation (EU) 2023/1114 | | Jurisdiction | European Union (applies in every EU/EEA state) | | Type | regulation | | Adopted | 2023-05-31 | | In force from | 2023-06-29 | | Status | In force; applies in full since 30 December 2024 (Titles III and IV since 30 June 2024). The longest transitional period for crypto-asset service providers operating under national law ended on 1 July 2026 (Art. 143(3)). | ## Full text **Official full text:** [Markets in Crypto-Assets Regulation (PDF, en)](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:32023R1114) [1] · 1,590 KB · file checked 2026-09-24 Official page: [eur-lex.europa.eu](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2023/1114/oj) [1] ## Summary MiCA is the EU-wide regime for crypto-assets that are not already financial instruments, deposits or e-money. It requires issuers of asset-referenced tokens and e-money tokens to be authorised and to publish white papers, and it requires anyone providing crypto-asset services in the EU: custody, trading platforms, exchange, order execution, placing, reception and transmission of orders, advice, portfolio management and transfers: to hold a crypto-asset service provider (CASP) authorisation from a national competent authority. An authorised CASP can passport its services across the EU/EEA. MiCA also sets prudential, conduct, custody, complaints and market-abuse rules, and a transitional period for firms already operating under national regimes. Summary written by the Atlas from the official text; the law itself prevails. ## Main articles - **Art. 3(1)(16)**: Lists the ten crypto-asset services that require authorisation. - **Art. 16**: Authorisation of issuers of asset-referenced tokens. - **Art. 48**: Only credit institutions and e-money institutions may offer e-money tokens to the public. - **Art. 59**: Crypto-asset services may be provided only by authorised CASPs or entities notified under Art. 60. - **Art. 62-63**: Content of the CASP application and the assessment: completeness check, then a 40-working-day decision. - **Art. 65**: Cross-border provision of crypto-asset services (the passport). - **Art. 67 and Annex IV**: Minimum capital of EUR 50,000, EUR 125,000 or EUR 150,000 depending on the services. - **Art. 83-84**: Prior assessment of anyone acquiring a qualifying holding in a CASP. - **Art. 143(3)**: Transitional period for CASPs operating under national law, at most until 1 July 2026. ## Licences it governs - [CASP · CyprusNotification by financial entities providing crypto-asset services under MiCAR Article 60CySEC](https://protegra.io/licensing/licences/casp-mica/cyprus-art60/) - [CASP · CyprusCrypto-Asset Service Provider (CASP) authorisation under MiCAR Article 63CySEC](https://protegra.io/licensing/licences/casp-mica/cyprus/) - [CASP · Czech RepublicCrypto-Asset Service Provider authorisation under MiCA and Act No. 31/2025 Coll. (povolení k činnosti poskytovatele služeb souvisejících s kryptoaktivy)CNB](https://protegra.io/licensing/licences/casp-mica/czech-republic/) - [CASP · GermanyCrypto-asset service provider licence (Zulassung als Anbieter von Kryptowerte-Dienstleistungen nach Art. 59 MiCAR / KMAG)BaFin](https://protegra.io/licensing/licences/casp-mica/germany/) - [CASP · EstoniaAuthorisation to operate as a crypto-asset service provider under MiCAFI](https://protegra.io/licensing/licences/casp-mica/estonia/) - [CASP · SpainProveedor de servicios de criptoactivos (PSC) / Crypto-asset service provider authorizationCNMV](https://protegra.io/licensing/licences/casp-mica/spain/) - [CASP · FrancePrestataire de services sur crypto-actifs (PSCA) / Crypto-asset service provider authorization under EU MiCA RegulationAMF](https://protegra.io/licensing/licences/casp-mica/france/) - [CASP · IrelandCrypto-Asset Service Provider AuthorisationCBI](https://protegra.io/licensing/licences/casp-mica/ireland/) - [CASP · ItalyFornitore di servizi per le cripto-attività / Crypto-asset service provider (CASP) authorizationCONSOB](https://protegra.io/licensing/licences/casp-mica/italy/) - [CASP · LithuaniaCrypto-asset service provider licenceLB](https://protegra.io/licensing/licences/casp-mica/lithuania/) - [CASP · LuxembourgCrypto-asset service provider authorisation under MiCA RegulationCSSF](https://protegra.io/licensing/licences/casp-mica/luxembourg/) - [CASP · LatviaCrypto-asset service provider licence under MiCALB](https://protegra.io/licensing/licences/casp-mica/latvia/) - [CASP · MaltaCrypto-Asset Service Provider authorisation under Regulation (EU) 2023/1114MFSA](https://protegra.io/licensing/licences/casp-mica/malta/) - [CASP · NetherlandsCrypto-Asset Service Provider (CASP) authorisation under Regulation (EU) 2023/1114 (MiCA)AFM](https://protegra.io/licensing/licences/casp-mica/netherlands/) - [CASP · PolandCrypto-Asset Service Provider authorization under MiCA (zezwolenie na świadczenie usług w zakresie kryptoaktywów)KNF](https://protegra.io/licensing/licences/casp-mica/poland/) - [CASP · SlovakiaCrypto-asset service provider licence under MiCA (povolenie na činnosť poskytovateľa služieb kryptoaktív)NBS](https://protegra.io/licensing/licences/casp-mica/slovakia/) - [EMI · LithuaniaElectronic money institution licence for non-limited activityLB · capital EUR 350,000](https://protegra.io/licensing/licences/emi/lithuania/) - [EMT/ART · SpainEmisor de fichas de dinero electrónico (EMT) y de fichas referenciadas a activos (ART) bajo MiCA / MiCA EMT and ART token issuer authorizationBdE](https://protegra.io/licensing/licences/stablecoin-issuer/spain/) - [EMT/ART · LuxembourgElectronic money token issuer authorisation / notification under MiCA RegulationCSSF](https://protegra.io/licensing/licences/stablecoin-issuer/luxembourg/) - [EMT/ART · NetherlandsAsset-referenced token (ART) issuer licence under EU MiCADNB](https://protegra.io/licensing/licences/stablecoin-issuer/netherlands-art/) - [EMT/ART · NetherlandsE-money token (EMT) issuer notification under EU MiCADNB](https://protegra.io/licensing/licences/stablecoin-issuer/netherlands-emt/) - [VASP · GermanyQualified crypto custody licence (Erlaubnis für das qualifizierte Kryptoverwahrgeschäft nach § 1 Absatz 1a Satz 2 Nummer 6 KWG)BaFin](https://protegra.io/licensing/licences/vasp/germany-custody/) - [VASP · IrelandVirtual Asset Service Provider AML/CFT RegistrationCBI](https://protegra.io/licensing/licences/vasp/ireland/) ## Regulators that apply it - [NetherlandsAuthority for the Financial Markets (AFM)The Autoriteit Financiële Markten (AFM) is the Netherlands' autonomous conduct-of-business supervisory authority (zelfstandig bestuursorgaan](https://protegra.io/licensing/regulators/afm-netherlands/) - [FranceFinancial Markets Authority (AMF)The Autorité des marchés financiers (AMF) is France's independent financial markets authority, tasked with safeguarding savings invested in](https://protegra.io/licensing/regulators/amf-france/) - [GermanyFederal Financial Supervisory Authority (BaFin)BaFin operates as Germany's unified federal financial supervisor under the Federal Ministry of Finance, supervising credit institutions, fin](https://protegra.io/licensing/regulators/bafin-germany/) - [SpainBank of Spain (BdE)Banco de España is Spain's national central bank and banking supervisor, operating as an integral part of the European System of Central Ban](https://protegra.io/licensing/regulators/banco-de-espana/) - [LithuaniaBank of Lithuania (LB)The Bank of Lithuania operates as the central bank of the Republic of Lithuania and member of the Eurosystem, conducting integrated prudenti](https://protegra.io/licensing/regulators/bank-of-lithuania/) - [IrelandCentral Bank of Ireland (CBI)The Central Bank of Ireland serves the public interest by maintaining monetary and financial stability while ensuring that the financial sys](https://protegra.io/licensing/regulators/central-bank-of-ireland/) - [Czech RepublicCzech National Bank (CNB)The Czech National Bank acts as the central bank and unified supervisory authority of the Czech financial market under Act No. 6/1993 Coll.](https://protegra.io/licensing/regulators/cnb-czechia/) - [SpainNational Securities Market Commission (CNMV)The National Securities Market Commission is the Spanish agency responsible for supervising and inspecting secondary securities markets, inv](https://protegra.io/licensing/regulators/cnmv-spain/) - [ItalyNational Commission for Companies and the Stock Exchange (CONSOB)CONSOB is Italy's independent administrative authority tasked with safeguarding investor protection, market transparency, fair conduct among](https://protegra.io/licensing/regulators/consob-italy/) - [LuxembourgCommission de Surveillance du Secteur Financier (CSSF)The CSSF operates as the unified public supervisory authority for the Luxembourg financial centre, conducting prudential supervision and mar](https://protegra.io/licensing/regulators/cssf-luxembourg/) - [CyprusCyprus Securities and Exchange Commission (CySEC)The Cyprus Securities and Exchange Commission is the independent public supervisory authority responsible for the regulation and supervision](https://protegra.io/licensing/regulators/cysec-cyprus/) - [NetherlandsDe Nederlandsche Bank (DNB)De Nederlandsche Bank acts as the central bank of the Netherlands and integral member of the Eurosystem and ESCB, exercising prudential supe](https://protegra.io/licensing/regulators/dnb-netherlands/) - [European UnionEuropean Banking Authority (EBA)The European Banking Authority is an independent EU agency that creates the European Single Rulebook for banking and payments, fosters super](https://protegra.io/licensing/regulators/eba/) - [European UnionEuropean Securities and Markets Authority (ESMA)ESMA operates as an independent European Union supervisory authority that protects the public interest by contributing to the stability and](https://protegra.io/licensing/regulators/esma/) - [EstoniaFinantsinspektsioon (FI)Finantsinspektsioon is Estonia's independent financial supervision and crisis resolution authority operating with autonomous responsibilitie](https://protegra.io/licensing/regulators/finantsinspektsioon-estonia/) - [EstoniaEstonian Financial Intelligence Unit (FIU)The Estonian Financial Intelligence Unit (Rahapesu Andmebüroo) is an independent government agency under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of](https://protegra.io/licensing/regulators/fiu-estonia/) - [PolandPolish Financial Supervision Authority (KNF)KNF ensures the proper functioning, stability, security, and transparency of the Polish financial market, safeguards public confidence in fi](https://protegra.io/licensing/regulators/knf-poland/) - [LatviaLatvijas Banka (LB)Latvijas Banka is the central bank of the Republic of Latvia and member of the Eurosystem, operating as the single integrated financial supe](https://protegra.io/licensing/regulators/latvijas-banka/) - [MaltaMalta Financial Services Authority (MFSA)The Malta Financial Services Authority is the single autonomous financial regulator in Malta, entrusted with prudential and conduct supervis](https://protegra.io/licensing/regulators/mfsa-malta/) - [SlovakiaNational Bank of Slovakia (NBS)Národná banka Slovenska acts as the central bank and integrated financial supervisory authority of the Slovak Republic. It safeguards price](https://protegra.io/licensing/regulators/nbs-slovakia/) ## Sources 1. [eur-lex.europa.eu: TXT (32023R1114)](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:32023R1114): retrieved 2026-09-24 Last verified 2026-09-24 · Author: Danil Marmysh · Reviewed by Anastasia Sidorenkova · © Protegra. Data: CC BY 4.0, cite "Protegra Licensing Atlas". Not legal advice.