Licensing Atlas

Fintech licences

Fintech licences fall into 12 families: e-money, payments, money transmission, crypto under MiCA, crypto outside the EU, stablecoins, investment firms, fund managers, banks, lending, gaming and trust services. Start from a family to compare countries, or open a concrete licence for its regulator, capital, fees, timeline and change-of-control rules.

Last verified 2026-09-24Markdown · Data (CC BY 4.0)

Licence families

EMI · 20 countries
Electronic money institution (EMI)
An electronic money institution (EMI) licence authorises a company to issue electronic money and to provide payment services.
PI · 30 countries
Payment institution (PI)
A payment institution (PI) licence authorises payment services such as money remittance, executing transfers, card acquiring, payment initiation and account information, but not issuing electronic money.
MSB · 6 countries
Money transmitter / money services business (MSB)
A money services business (MSB) or money transmitter authorisation covers transferring funds, currency exchange and, in many regimes, dealing in virtual currency.
CASP · 16 countries
Crypto-asset service provider (MiCA CASP)
A crypto-asset service provider (CASP) authorisation under the EU Markets in Crypto-Assets Regulation (MiCA) lets a company provide crypto services such as custody, exchange, trading platforms, transfers and advice.
VASP · 28 countries
Virtual asset service provider (non-MiCA)
A virtual asset service provider (VASP) licence or registration is the non-EU equivalent of a crypto authorisation, based on the FATF definition of virtual asset activities.
EMT/ART · 5 countries
Stablecoin / e-money token issuer
A stablecoin issuer authorisation lets a company issue tokens that reference a currency or a basket of assets.
IF · 43 countries
Investment firm / broker-dealer
An investment firm or broker-dealer licence authorises investment services such as receiving and executing client orders, dealing on own account, portfolio management and investment advice on financial instruments, including CFDs and forex.
FM · 28 countries
Fund manager
A fund manager licence authorises a company to manage collective investment schemes such as alternative investment funds or UCITS.
Bank · 22 countries
Bank / credit institution
A banking licence authorises a company to take deposits from the public and grant credit on its own account.
Credit · 23 countries
Lending / consumer credit
A lending or consumer credit licence authorises a non-bank company to grant loans, typically to consumers, funded from its own capital rather than deposits.
Gaming · 5 countries
Gaming and betting
A gaming licence authorises a company to offer online casino games, betting or lotteries to players (B2C), or to supply games and platforms to operators (B2B).
TCSP · 8 countries
Trust and corporate service provider (TCSP)
A trust and corporate service provider (TCSP) licence authorises company formation, directorship and nominee services, registered office and trust administration.

All concrete licences

Last verified 2026-09-24Author Danil Marmysh, Founder & CEO, ProtegraReviewed by Anastasia Sidorenkova, Head of Licensing, ProtegraReport an errorReference information, not legal advice.

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Licence families

Electronic money institution (EMI)

Payment institution (PI)

Money transmitter / money services business (MSB)

Crypto-asset service provider (MiCA CASP)

Virtual asset service provider (non-MiCA)

Stablecoin / e-money token issuer

Investment firm / broker-dealer

Fund manager

Bank / credit institution

Lending / consumer credit

Gaming and betting

Trust and corporate service provider (TCSP)

All concrete licences

Financial Services Permission for Accepting Deposits (Category 1 Commercial Bank)

Banking Licence / Deposit Company Licence / Restricted Banking Licence (Banks and Deposit Companies Act 1999)

Bank Licence (Category A and Category B) under the Banks and Trust Companies Act

Commercial Bank licence (bankovní licence)

Financial Services Permission for Accepting Deposits or Providing Credit (Category 1 Commercial Bank)

Credit institution authorisation (bank)

Commercial bank licence

Credit institution licence (Erlaubnis zum Betreiben von Bankgeschäften nach § 32 KWG / CRR)

Banking Licence (Section 9 Central Bank Act 1971)

Credit institution licence (bank)

Specialised bank licence

Bank licence

Credit institution authorisation

Credit institution licence

Bank licence (Vergunning bank / kredietinstelling)

Commercial Bank licence (bank krajowy w formie spółki akcyjnej)

Banking Licence (Full Bank, Wholesale Bank, Digital Bank)

Banking licence (bankové povolenie)

Entidad de crédito (Banco) / Commercial bank licence

FinTech licence (Persons pursuant to Article 1b Banking Act / FinTech-Bewilligung nach Art. 1b BankG)

Banking licence (Bankbewilligung nach Art. 3 BankG)

Commercial Bank Licence

Notification by financial entities providing crypto-asset services under MiCAR Article 60

Crypto-Asset Service Provider (CASP) authorisation under MiCAR Article 63

Crypto-Asset Service Provider authorisation under MiCA and Act No. 31/2025 Coll. (povolení k činnosti poskytovatele služeb souvisejících s kryptoaktivy)

Authorisation to operate as a crypto-asset service provider under MiCA

Prestataire de services sur crypto-actifs (PSCA) / Crypto-asset service provider authorization under EU MiCA Regulation

Crypto-asset service provider licence (Zulassung als Anbieter von Kryptowerte-Dienstleistungen nach Art. 59 MiCAR / KMAG)

Crypto-Asset Service Provider Authorisation

Fornitore di servizi per le cripto-attività / Crypto-asset service provider (CASP) authorization

Crypto-asset service provider licence under MiCA

Crypto-asset service provider licence

Crypto-asset service provider authorisation under MiCA Regulation

Crypto-Asset Service Provider authorisation under Regulation (EU) 2023/1114

Crypto-Asset Service Provider (CASP) authorisation under Regulation (EU) 2023/1114 (MiCA)

Crypto-Asset Service Provider authorization under MiCA (zezwolenie na świadczenie usług w zakresie kryptoaktywów)

Crypto-asset service provider licence under MiCA (povolenie na činnosť poskytovateľa služieb kryptoaktív)

Proveedor de servicios de criptoactivos (PSC) / Crypto-asset service provider authorization

Small-scale Electronic Money Issuer authorisation (povolení k činnosti malého vydavatele elektronických peněz - VEPMR)

Electronic Money Institution licence (povolení k činnosti instituce elektronických peněz)

Electronic money institution operating with an exception

Operating licence as an electronic money institution

Electronic money institution licence (Erlaubnis für das E-Geld-Geschäft nach § 11 ZAG)

Small Electronic Money Institution Registration

Electronic Money Institution Authorisation

Registered electronic money institution

Authorised electronic money institution licence

Electronic money institution licence for restricted activity

Electronic money institution licence for non-limited activity

Electronic money institution authorisation

Electronic money institution licence

Exempt electronic money institution registration (Vrijstelling elektronischgeldinstelling)

Electronic money institution licence (Vergunning elektronischgeldinstelling)

Electronic Money Institution licence (krajowa instytucja pieniądza elektronicznego - KIO)

Electronic money institution licence (povolenie na vydávanie a správu elektronických peňazí bez obmedzenia rozsahu)

Entidad de dinero electrónico (EDE) / Electronic money institution authorization

Small Electronic Money Institution (SEMI) Registration

Authorised Electronic Money Institution (AEMI)

Financial Services Permission for Managing a Collective Investment Fund (Category 3C)

Fund Administrator Licence (Part III, Investment Funds Act 2006)

BVI mutual fund recognition (private/professional fund), registration (public fund) or approval (incubator/approved fund) - funds are recognised/registered/approved, not 'licensed'

Regulated Mutual Fund (registered, master, or administered fund under the Mutual Funds Act)

Registered Private Fund under the Private Funds Act

Alternative Investment Fund Manager (AIFM) authorisation

Sub-threshold Alternative Investment Fund Manager registration

UCITS Management Company authorisation